The phenomenon of "behavioral contagion" is common in the animal kingdom. Many species, including primates and birds like ravens, tend to mimic behaviors they observe within their group. This instinctive imitation helps maintain group cohesion and strengthens social bonds. While it is well-known that chimpanzees are influenced by the behaviors and emotions of others, this study is the first to examine whether positive social behaviors like grooming and play are also contagious among them.
The research team observed 41 chimpanzees in a Zambian sanctuary and noted that all individuals - regardless of age, rank, or sex - exhibited contagious grooming and play behaviors. Grooming behavior was especially contagious among chimpanzees with strong social bonds, while play behavior was more contagious in younger individuals, independent of the strength of their relationships.
The authors suggest that such behavioral contagion fosters social connections within chimpanzee groups. Grooming serves as a vital tool for adults to strengthen or repair relationships, whereas play is crucial for the social and behavioral development of younger chimpanzees. The researchers propose that adult chimpanzees may find grooming behaviors of close social partners particularly influential due to heightened attention, stronger emotional bonds, or even feelings of jealousy when a friend grooms another individual.
The study provides insights into how social dynamics are shaped by behavioral contagion, offering a deeper understanding of the social structures in chimpanzee groups.
Research Report:ChimpanSEE, ChimpanDO: Grooming and play contagion in chimpanzees
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